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<p class=MsoNormal><a name="OLE_LINK1"><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>THE EFFECTS OF THE </span></font><span lang=EN-US>BOLOGNA</span><span
lang=EN-US> DECLARATION ON PROFESSIONAL MUSIC TRAINING IN </span><span
lang=EN-US>EUROPE</span></p>
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style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><a href="http://aec.cramgo.nl/"><span lang=EN-US>http://aec.cramgo.nl/</span></a></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>In 1999, the European ministers in charge of Higher
Education convened in </span></font><span lang=EN-US>Bologna</span><span
lang=EN-US> to sign a Declaration with the intention to create a 'European
Higher Education Area' by the year 2010. Professional music training, which has
gradually been integrated into the national higher education systems during the
past decades, is also strongly influenced by these developments. In order to
create understanding for the rationale and background of the Bologna Process
and to assist institutions with the reforms that are a result of this Process,
the AEC has initiated several information activities, such as this website,
which functions as an 'AEC Bologna Handbook Online': it contains all documents
that are produced by the AEC in relation to the impact of 'Bologna' on
professional music training in Europe, including research results, country
overviews, congress presentations, learning outcomes, frequently asked
questions and more!</span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>MOBILITY AND RECOGNITION</span></font></p>
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style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Music students having been on an international
exchange must have their study period abroad recognised by their home
institution in order to avoid delays in their studies or additional
examinations. To organise the recognition for academic purposes (for the
continuation of studies abroad or for the recognition of a study period abroad
as part of the regular studies) in a transparent way, the EU has developed
several tools, such as the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) and the
Diploma Supplement (DS). </span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>INNOVATION IN HIGH ARTS EDUCATION</span></font></p>
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style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>The AEC Project 'The Effects of the Bologna
Declaration on Professional Music Training' was part of an Erasmus Thematic
Network called 'Innovation in Higher Arts Education', funded by the European
Union Socrates Programme. This thematic network was hosted by the Hogeschool
Gent in </span></font><span lang=EN-US>Belgium</span><span lang=EN-US> and was
based on cooperation between AEC and ELIA (the European League of Institutes of
the Arts). In the framework of this Thematic Network, several joint events were
organised and a joint position paper was developed.</span></p>
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style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>QUALIFICATIONS IN </span></font><span lang=EN-US>EUROPE</span><span
lang=EN-US>: THE </span><span lang=EN-US>BOLOGNA</span><span lang=EN-US>
DECLARATION PROCESS</span></p>
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style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>In </span></font><span lang=EN-US>Europe</span><span
lang=EN-US>, all countries operate in different education systems and therefore
with different types of qualifications and titles. In order to make higher
education in </span><span lang=EN-US>Europe</span><span lang=EN-US> more</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>comparable, transparent and competitive, the
‘Bologna Declaration’ was signed by the European ministers for
education in 1999, proposing several far-reaching reforms in higher</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>education, such as the implementation of a 2-cycle
structure (Bachelor/Master), the use of credit points and an European approach
to quality assurance, all to be implemented by 2010. Virtually all European
countries are now going through this process of change initiated by ‘</span></font><span
lang=EN-US>Bologna</span><span lang=EN-US>’. However, this does not
mean that the systems will be the same in all European countries. For example,
in the professional music training sector there will be differences in the
duration in years of the 2 cycles, with some countries using 3 + 2 systems and
other counties 4 + 2 or 4 + 1 systems. Substantial differences in the actual
content of the studies will also remain, although a development has started to
develop European-wide descriptions for learning outcomes for the 1st and 2nd
study cycles in music, which could assist institutions in agreeing on European
level what a ‘Bachelor of Music’ or a ‘Master of Music’
should lead to in terms of competencies, without having to agree on how these
competencies should be reached. It is therefore at this stage not yet possible
to give information on the exact names of the various degrees as they are
currently being developed in the field of music in the framework of the Bologna
Declaration Process. As a result, the information on regulated professions and
their qualifications listed below per country may not only be incomplete, but
will also have to be updated regularly in the near future.</span></p>
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style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
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style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
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